DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE ALARM SYSTEM IN A TWO STOREY BUILDING
ABSTRACT
With the rapid development of new building techniques, there is an increased need for improved early-warning fire alarm systems. Fire disaster is a great threat to lives and property. Fire alarm system provides real-time surveillance, monitoring and automatic alarm. It sends early alarm when the fire occurs and helps to reduce the fire damage. Large numbers of small fire detectors should report their information to the control center of a building or a block.
The past several years have witnessed a rapid development in wireless network
area. There are many wireless monitoring and control application for industrial and home environments which required longer battery life, lower data rates, and less complexity than from existing standards. For such wireless applications a new standard has been developed based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. In this work, fire alarm system design based on wireless sensor network was proposed. The proposed system operates in real time, giving the exigencies of fires. The architecture of a proposed fire alarm system based on wireless sensor network is composed of a hardware and software design. The hardware design consists of monitor center (master node), repeater node and sensor node (end device). The hardware circuitry of the sensors node constructs of three types sensors: temperature (NTC) sensor, photoelectric smoke sensor and MQ2 gas sensor. ATmega32 microcontroller was the data processor whiles the XBEE transceiver represents the wireless transmission in this node. The software design of proposed system deals with monitoring center, repeater node and sensors node. The monitoring center is responsible for monitoring or displaying the whole sensors status in all nodes of the system. It is proved by the experiment that the system can realize the fire detection and alarm.